{"id":90272,"date":"2018-02-15T01:16:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-15T01:16:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-06T20:39:55","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T20:39:55","slug":"acordul-general-pentru-tarife-si-comert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/15\/acordul-general-pentru-tarife-si-comert\/","title":{"rendered":"Acordul General pentru Tarife \u015fi Comer\u0163"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><h3 class=\"post-title entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Oswald, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; position: relative;\"><\/h3>\n<div class=\"post-body entry-content\" id=\"post-body-1769019204734276767\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; width: 615px;\">In octombrie 1947, reprezentan\u0163ii a 23 de state au semnat, la Geneva, Acordul General pentru Tarife \u015fi Comer\u0163 (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade G.A.T.T.), care a intrat \u00een vigoare la 1 ianuarie 1948. Acest organism interna\u0163ional \u2014 specializat \u00een probleme de comer\u0163 \u2013 a fost creat pentru a ac\u0163iona \u00een direc\u0163ia elimin\u0103rii treptate a restric\u0163iilor din calea schimburilor comerciale interna\u0163ionale. Rom\u00e2nia este membra a Acordului General pentru Tarife \u015fi Comer\u0163.<br \/>Pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 reducerea taxelor vamale (convenite cu ocazia negocierilor din 1947), \u00een Acordul General pentru Tarife \u015fi Comer\u0163 au fost men\u0163ionate \u015fi alte principii, care s\u0103 stea la baz\u0103 rela\u0163iilor comerciale dintre \u0163\u0103rile membre, cum sunt: acordarea reciproc\u0103 \u00eentre \u0163\u0103rile membre a clauzei na\u0163iunii celei mai favorizate; interzicerea restric\u0163iilor cantitative la import; limitarea \u015fi eliminarea subven\u0163iilor din comer\u0163ul exterior; protejarea pie\u0163elor \u015fi a industriilor na\u0163ionale prin taxe vamale, care nu trebuie s\u0103 aib\u0103 caracter prohibitiv prin nivelul lor exagerat de mare; acordarea de concesii comerciale \u0163\u0103rilor \u00een curs de dezvoltare, f\u0103r\u0103 a li se cere reciprocitate; valoarea la care se aplic\u0103 taxele vamale s\u0103 fie o valoare real\u0103, adic\u0103 transformarea pre\u0163ului \u00een moned\u0103 na\u0163ionala s\u0103 se fac\u0103 la un curs real (\u00een principiu, recunoscut de Fondul Monetar Interna\u0163ional) etc.<br \/>Acordul permite, \u00een anumite condi\u0163ii practicarea de sisteme vamale preferen\u0163iale, crearea de zone ale liberului schimb \u015fi de uniuni vamale cu tarife externe comune, introducerea de c\u0103tre \u0163\u0103rile \u00een curs de dezvoltare a unor m\u0103suri de politic\u0103 comercial\u0103 cu caracter protec\u0163ionist \u00een vederea protej\u0103rii industriei na\u0163ionale, admiterea de restric\u0163ii cantitative la importul unor produse pentru motive, cum ar fi, de exemplu, echilibrarea a balan\u0163ei de pl\u0103\u0163i externe.<br \/>Activitatea G.A.T.T. pe linia reducerii tarifelor vamale se concretizeaz\u0103 \u00een organizarea unor runde de negocieri comerciale multilaterale. Cele opt runde de negocieri tarifare care au &#8220;fost ini\u0163iate p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent au condus la importante concesii de ordin tarifar (concesii vamale).<br \/>Concesiile vamale pot apare sub diferite forme, cum sunt: reducerea nivelului taxelor vamale existente, mic\u015forarea decalajului dintre nivelul taxelor vamale generale \u015fi al celor preferen\u0163iale; consolidarea taxelor vamale \u00een vigoare la nivelul existent; angajamentul de a nu efectua m\u0103riri de taxe vamale peste un anumit nivel.<br \/>Obiectivele negocierilor tarifare pot fi realizate fie pe baza metodei reducerii directe a taxelor vamale, adic\u0103 reducerea taxelor vamale \u201eprodus cu produs&#8221; sau \u201e\u0163ar\u0103 cu \u0163ar\u0103&#8221;, fie a metodei reducerii lineare a taxelor vamale, adic\u0103 stabilirea unui procent de reducere a taxelor vamale pe grupe de m\u0103rfuri. Prima metod\u0103 de reducere este folosit\u0103, \u00een general, \u00een tratativele bilaterale, dar poate fi utilizat\u0103 \u015fi \u00een cele multilaterale, iar cea de-a doua metod\u0103 este specific\u0103 tratativelor multilaterale.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In octombrie 1947, reprezentan\u0163ii a 23 de state au semnat, la Geneva, Acordul General pentru Tarife \u015fi Comer\u0163 (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade G.A.T.T.), care a intrat \u00een vigoare la 1 ianuarie 1948. Acest organism interna\u0163ional \u2014 specializat \u00een probleme de comer\u0163 \u2013 a fost creat pentru a ac\u0163iona \u00een direc\u0163ia elimin\u0103rii treptate a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90272"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=90272"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/90272\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=90272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=90272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=90272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}