{"id":89020,"date":"2018-02-19T02:23:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-19T02:23:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-06T20:31:29","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T20:31:29","slug":"antanta-cordiala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/19\/antanta-cordiala\/","title":{"rendered":"Antanta Cordial\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><h3 class=\"post-title entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Oswald, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; position: relative;\"><\/h3>\n<div class=\"post-body entry-content\" id=\"post-body-7051632238108763427\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; width: 615px;\">\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"IT\" style=\"font-family: &quot;&quot;; font-size: 12pt;\">Probabil descrierea acestui cadru ar trebui \u00eenceput\u0103 cu dezintegrarea sistemului bismarkian dup\u0103 retragerea sa de la putere \u00een GER. \u00cen ultimul s\u0103u an la c\u00e2rma Imperiului principala sarcin\u0103 se punea de a re\u00eennoi sau nu Tratatul de Reasigurare germano-rus. Existau m\/multe argumente pro \u015fi contra, iar \u0162arul optase \u201cpentru\u201d. Dar r\u0103spunsul germanilor a fost un refuz. Aceast\u0103 decizie a \u00eencoronat \u015fi a\u015fa grelele rela\u0163ii germano-ruse dinainte d 1890, o consecin\u0163\u0103 a faptului c\u0103 Parisul preluase rolul Berlinului de finan\u0163are a RU.&nbsp;<b>FR era ner\u0103bd\u0103toare d a ie\u015fi din izolarea<\/b>\u00een care o \u00eenc\u0103tu\u015fase Bismark. Dar&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">FR \u015fi RU aveau pu\u0163ine interese comune<\/span>. RU era la fel de neinteresat\u0103 d revan\u015fismul franceu pe c\u00e2t FR era de expansiunea Central-Asiatic\u0103 a RU, urmat\u0103 de fric\u0163iuni ruso-britanice.<a href=\"http:\/\/www.blogger.com\/post-create.g?blogID=4202955034125599721\" name=\"more\" style=\"color: #ee5307; outline: none; text-decoration-line: none;\"><\/a>&nbsp;\u0162inta rivalit\u0103\u0163ii franceze p\u00e2n\u0103 la 1904, era, de altfel, tot Anglia, dar aceasta era concentrat\u0103 pe Africa, unde RU nu prea avea interese. Unicul&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">punct comun al leg\u0103turii franco-ruse<\/span>&nbsp;era&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">frica ambelor de GER<\/span>, care \u00een cazul RU putea reie\u015fi din Alian\u0163a austro-german\u0103. Conec\u0163iunea franco-rus\u0103 a \u00eenceput cu o serie de \u00eemprumuturi, chiar de la 1888. urm\u0103torul pas a fost procurarea de c\u0103treRU a unui stoc de armament francez \u2013 1889, urmat de discu\u0163ii\/negocieri militare, elaborarea unui plan de colaborare \u00een acest domeniu. \u0162arul era pu\u0163in atras de aceast\u0103 republic\u0103, dar a subsemnat rezultatele negocierilor militare, \u00een timp ce francezii aveau ne\u00een\u0163elegeri: consider\u00e2nd c\u0103 alian\u0163a e f\u0103r\u0103 dimensiune politic\u0103, nu necesit\u0103 o ratificare \u00een Parlament. Dar din&nbsp;<b>1893 putem vorbi deja d existen\u0163a unei alian\u0163e<\/b>&nbsp;franco-ruse.La fel ca multe alte acte din aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103,&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">alian\u0163a era defensiv\u0103<\/span>, iar&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">con\u0163inutul \u2013 secret<\/span>. Dar situa\u0163ia \u00een aceast\u0103 er\u0103 era foarte schimb\u0103toare, \u015fi \u0163intele rivalit\u0103\u0163ilor europene s-au transferat \u00eenafara Europei.&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"FR\" style=\"font-family: &quot;&quot;; font-size: 12pt;\">Ru\u015fii au fost chiar mul\u0163umi\u0163i de fric\u0163iunile franco-britanice \u00een 1893 \u00een Asia de SE. Dar acestea s-au aplanat, form\u00e2nd Siamul(Thailanda) drept stat-tampon independent \u00eentre zonele lor de influen\u0163\u0103.&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"IT\" style=\"font-family: &quot;&quot;; font-size: 12pt;\">Cea m\/important\u0103 turnur\u0103\/schimbare diplomatic\u0103 la \u00eenc.XX a fost cea din rela\u0163iile anglo-franceze. Fashoda l-a convins pe Delcasse (PM) c\u0103 FR are nevoie de&nbsp;<span style=\"text-decoration-line: underline;\">eliminarea rivalit\u0103\u0163ii tradi\u0163ionale cu Anglia<\/span>. \u00cen aceast\u0103 misiune a fost sus\u0163inut cu agilitate de Paul Cambon, ambasadorul s\u0103u la Londra. Acesta a g\u0103sit urechi receptive \u015fi \u00een M.Brit. Spre deosebire de germani, francezii nu au insistat asupra unor obliga\u0163ii politice din partea Angliei. Discu\u0163iile anglo-franceze au rezultat \u00een&nbsp;<b>Antanta Cordial\u0103&nbsp;<\/b>(\u00cen\u0163elegere C.)&nbsp;<b>\u00een 1904<\/b>. Prin aceasta, FR c\u0103dea de-acord s\u0103 renun\u0163e la preten\u0163iile asupra EGY, iar M.Brit \u00een schimb sanc\u0163iona ambi\u0163iile FR \u00een Maroc; plus un num\u0103r de ne\u00een\u0163elegeri minore au fost aplanate. \u00cen\u0163elegerea nu con\u0163inea careva aluzii la o alian\u0163\u0103, era un document public cu clauze secrete ata\u015fate. Importan\u0163a acestui act \u00een 1904 era inapreciabil\u0103, put\u00e2nd fi \u015fi un flirt de moment. Dar evenimentele urm\u0103toare au dovedit contrariul \u2013 f\u0103c\u00e2nd din ea \u00eenceputul unui nou capitol \u00een afacerile europene. Britanicii \u015fi francezii au continuat s\u0103 aib\u0103 multe diferen\u0163e, dar ceea ce a dat soliditate Antantei a fost faptul fundamental c\u0103 cele 2 state s-au v\u0103zut plasate \u00eentr-o&nbsp;<b>pozi\u0163ie similar defensiv\u0103 vis-a-vis de puterile \u00een ascensiune<\/b>. Iar la direct vorbind, seriozitatea uniunii acestor state membre ale 3ENT s-a dovedit anume \u00een situa\u0163iile de criz\u0103 \u2013\u201cprietenul adev\u0103rat la nevoie se cunoa\u015fte\u201d \u2013 \u00een I criz\u0103 marocan\u0103, c\u00e2nd provocarea \u00eenscenat\u0103 de GER nu a reu\u015fit s\u0103 rup\u0103 leg\u0103tura franco-britanic\u0103, ci, din contra, acestea s-au \u0163inut tari \u00eempreun\u0103, ba, mai mult, RU afl\u00e2ndu-se \u00een tab\u0103ra anti-german\u0103, se apropie \u015fi de Anglia, pt ca \u00een 2 ani s\u0103 se al\u0103ture Antantei. \u015ei \u00eentr-a doua criz\u0103 marocan\u0103 liantul franco-britano-rus s-a dovedit rezistent provoc\u0103rilor germane. Despre aderarea RU: RU era \u00eengrijorat\u0103 de construc\u0163ia liniei ferate Baghdadiene, \u015fi, \u00eenc\u0103 m\/mult \u2013 de&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"font-family: &quot;&quot;; font-size: 12pt;\">primele infiltr\u0103ri germane \u00een Persia (Iran). Se temea d o colaborare anglo-german\u0103 \u00een Or.Mijl din contul s\u0103u, \u015fi au decis \u00eencheierea unui compromis cu ambele \u0163\u0103ri. Izvolskii \u2013noul MAE rus dup\u0103 1906, constat\u0103 c\u0103 RU are nevoie d un teritoriu neutru la hotarul s\u0103u caucazian, \u015fi \u00een schimbul acestuia ar fi admis \u015fi construc\u0163ia c\u0103ii ferate \u015fi ar fi mers la compromis pt \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163irea sferelor d influen\u0163\u0103 \u00een Persia. \u00cen acest fel, \u00een 1906 ru\u015fii anuleaz\u0103 conven\u0163iile anti-britanice \u00eencheiate cu FR \u00een 1900 \u015fi 1901, apoi negociaz\u0103 alian\u0163a cu M.Brit, f\u0103r\u0103 a o \u00eendrepta \u00eempotriva GER. \u00cen\u0163elegerea practic se referea doar la Persia. Izvolskii a ridicat problema deschiderii Str\u00e2mtorilor(neav\u00e2nd nici flot\u0103 la M.Neagr\u0103), dar Graz a declarat c\u0103 \u201eaceast\u0103 \u00een\u0163elegere va avea un efect a\u015fa de binef\u0103c\u0103tor asupra o.p., c\u0103 aceast\u0103 \u00eentrebare va fi foarte u\u015for de rezolvat la urm\u0103toarea reuniune\u201d. \u00cen Anglia Antanta a prmit o reac\u0163ie negativ\u0103 de la cercurile radicaliste, care nu priveau cu ochi buni nici RU nici FR. O mic\u0103 sciziune \u00eentre cele 3 a putut fi observat\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul celui de-al 2a r\u0103zboi balcanic, atunci c\u00e2nd s-a dovedit c\u0103 RU sus\u0163inea BUL, iar FR \u015fi M.Brit sus\u0163inuser\u0103 recuperarea de c\u0103tre Imp.Otoman Adrianopolului ocupat de bulgari.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Probabil descrierea acestui cadru ar trebui \u00eenceput\u0103 cu dezintegrarea sistemului bismarkian dup\u0103 retragerea sa de la putere \u00een GER. \u00cen ultimul s\u0103u an la c\u00e2rma Imperiului principala sarcin\u0103 se punea de a re\u00eennoi sau nu Tratatul de Reasigurare germano-rus. Existau m\/multe argumente pro \u015fi contra, iar \u0162arul optase \u201cpentru\u201d. Dar r\u0103spunsul germanilor a fost un [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89020"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=89020"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/89020\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=89020"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=89020"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=89020"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}