{"id":88933,"date":"2018-02-19T03:22:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-19T03:22:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-06T20:31:00","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T20:31:00","slug":"politica-externa-urss-in-perioada_18","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/19\/politica-externa-urss-in-perioada_18\/","title":{"rendered":"Politica extern\u0103 a URSS \u00een perioada interbelic\u0103."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ini\u0163ial, guvernul lui Stalin a semnat un <\/span>tratat de neagresiune<\/span><\/span> cu <\/span>Germania Nazist\u0103<\/span><\/span>, cu o anex\u0103 secret\u0103 prin care Europa r\u0103s\u0103ritean\u0103 era \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163it\u0103 \u00een sfere de influen\u0163\u0103 nazist\u0103, respectiv sovietic\u0103. Nazi\u015ftii au \u00eenc\u0103lcat pactul \u00een 1941 prin <\/span>invazia Uniunii Sovietice<\/span><\/span>, ceea ce a determinat intrarea URSS \u00een <\/span>al doilea r\u0103zboi mondial<\/span><\/span> de partea <\/span>Alia\u0163ilor<\/span><\/span>. Dup\u0103 victoria aliat\u0103, <\/span>Armata Ro\u015fie<\/span><\/span> controla <\/span>Europa de Est<\/span><\/span>, \u015fi a ajutat la formarea mai multor state <\/span>marionet\u0103<\/span><\/span> comuniste, stabilind astfel o <\/span>sfer\u0103 de influen\u0163\u0103<\/span><\/span> sovietic\u0103 \u00een estul Europei, analog\u0103 sferei de influen\u0163\u0103 <\/span>americane<\/span><\/span> \u00een <\/span>Europa de Vest<\/span><\/span>. Tensiunile<\/a> \u00eentre cele dou\u0103 sfere au condus la <\/span>R\u0103zboiul Rece<\/span><\/span>, \u015fi ambele p\u0103r\u0163i au ini\u0163iat programe masive de \u00eenarmare cu <\/span>arme nucleare<\/span><\/span> pentru intimidarea celeilalte p\u0103r\u0163i. \u00cencerc\u0103rile sovietice de consolidare a puterii \u00een <\/span>Europa R\u0103s\u0103ritean\u0103<\/span><\/span> \u015fi de dominare a regiunii erau \u00een conformitate cu mai vechile politici <\/span>\u0163ariste<\/span><\/span>. Dup\u0103 cucerirea teritoriilor Poloniei interbelice, care nu fuseser\u0103 mai \u00eenainte cucerite militar (vezi \u015fi <\/span>R\u0103zboiul polono-sovietic<\/span><\/span>), dup\u0103 ocuparea <\/span>Statelor baltice<\/span><\/span>, (vezi <\/span>Pactul Molotov-Ribbentrop<\/span><\/span>), Uniunea Sovietic\u0103 a refuzat s\u0103 cedeze ceva din acestea \u00een cadrul aranjamente postbelice. Mai mult, \u0163ara s-a extins \u00een teritoriile din <\/span>Prusia R\u0103s\u0103ritean\u0103<\/span><\/span> (<\/span>Oblastul Kaliningrad<\/span><\/span>), \u00een<\/span>Transcarpatia<\/span><\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Bucovina<\/span><\/span>, (incorporate \u00een <\/span>RSS Ucrainian\u0103<\/span><\/span>), \u00een <\/span>Basarabia<\/span><\/span> (proclamat\u0103 ca <\/span>RSS Moldoveneasc\u0103<\/span><\/span>), \u015f.a.m.d. Uniunea Sovietic\u0103 vedea, din postura de \u00eenving\u0103toare \u00een cel de-al doilea r\u0103zboi mondial, toate teritoriile eliberate de sub st\u0103p\u00e2nirea nazist\u0103 de c\u0103tre <\/span>Armata Ro\u015fie<\/span><\/span> ca sfera sa natural\u0103 de influen\u0163\u0103. Regimuri prosovietice comuniste dure au fost instalate \u00een <\/span>Polonia<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>Rom\u00e2nia<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>Cehoslovacia<\/span><\/span>, <\/span>Ungaria<\/span><\/span> \u015fi<\/span>Bulgaria<\/span><\/span>, de cele mai multe ori \u00eempotriva dorin\u0163ei exprimate \u00een alegeri de cea mai mare parte a popula\u0163iei. Ideea c\u0103 aceste ac\u0163iuni erau necesare pentru a securiza grani\u0163a de vest sovietic\u0103 erau considerate \u00een Occident ca fiind ipocrite. Mai degrab\u0103 se considera c\u0103 era vorba de \u00eencercarea de a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi <\/span>comunismul<\/span><\/span> \u00een \u00eentreaga Europ\u0103. Alian\u0163a de pe timpul r\u0103zboiului dintre <\/span>Statele Unite ale Americii<\/span><\/span> \u015fi <\/span>Uniunea Sovietic\u0103<\/span><\/span> era o abera\u0163ie fa\u0163a de cursul normal al rela\u0163iilor ruso-americane. Rivalitatea dintre cele dou\u0103 \u0163\u0103ri se poate considera c\u0103 a devenit evident\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul <\/span>secolului al XIX-lea<\/span><\/span>, c\u00e2nd, dup\u0103 un secol de prietenie, americanii \u015fi ru\u015fii au devenit rivali \u00een <\/span>Manciuria<\/span><\/span>. Rusia \u0163arist\u0103, incapabil\u0103 s\u0103 intra \u00een competi\u0163ie cu SUA datorit\u0103 slabei dezvolt\u0103ri industriale, a ales s\u0103 \u00eenchid\u0103 accesului str\u0103inilor Asia de est, \u00een vreme ce americanii cereau o competi\u0163ie deschis\u0103 pentru noile pie\u0163e din zon\u0103. Dup\u0103 <\/span>1917<\/span><\/span>, rivalitatea a ajuns la cote nemai\u00eent\u00e2lnite. Americanii nu au uitat niciodat\u0103 c\u0103 guvernul sovietic a negociat o pace separat\u0103 cu <\/span>Imperiul German<\/span><\/span> \u00een <\/span>primul r\u0103zboi mondial<\/span><\/span>, l\u0103s\u00e2nd Alia\u0163ii Occidentali s\u0103 lupte singuri cu <\/span>Puterile Centrale<\/span><\/span>. Ne\u00eencrederea ru\u015filor fa\u0163\u0103 de americani data din perioada \u00een care trupele acestora din urm\u0103 au debarcat pe p\u0103m\u00e2ntul rusesc \u00een <\/span>1918<\/span><\/span> \u015fi s-au implicat direct \u015fi indirect \u00een sprijinirea <\/span>albilor antibol\u015fevici<\/span><\/span> \u00een timpul <\/span>r\u0103zboiului civil rus<\/span><\/span>. \u00cen plus, sovieticii nu puteau uita c\u0103 cererile lor repetate adresate americanilor \u015fi britanicilor pentru deschiderea celui de-al doilea front \u00een Europa nu au fost onorate dec\u00e2t \u00een iunie <\/span>1944<\/span><\/span>, la mai mult de doi ani de la prima solicitare sovietic\u0103. \u00cen toat\u0103 aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103, URSS a suferit pierderi umane \u015fi materiale uria\u015fe, (aproximativ 20 de milioane de mor\u0163i), Armata Ro\u015fie fiind nevoit\u0103 s\u0103 suporte lovitura principal\u0103 german\u0103. Alia\u0163ii au pretins c\u0103 un al doilea front a fost deschis deja \u00een <\/span>Italia<\/span><\/span> \u00een <\/span>1943<\/span><\/span>, ei nefiind preg\u0103ti\u0163i \u00een acel moment pentru asaltul asupra Fran\u0163ei ocupate de nazi\u015fti.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ini\u0163ial, guvernul lui Stalin a semnat un tratat de neagresiune cu Germania Nazist\u0103, cu o anex\u0103 secret\u0103 prin care Europa r\u0103s\u0103ritean\u0103 era \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163it\u0103 \u00een sfere de influen\u0163\u0103 nazist\u0103, respectiv sovietic\u0103. Nazi\u015ftii au \u00eenc\u0103lcat pactul \u00een 1941 prin invazia Uniunii Sovietice, ceea ce a determinat intrarea URSS \u00een al doilea r\u0103zboi mondial de partea Alia\u0163ilor. Dup\u0103 victoria aliat\u0103, Armata Ro\u015fie controla Europa de Est, \u015fi a […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88933"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88933"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88933\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88933"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88933"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}