{"id":88544,"date":"2018-02-21T18:07:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-21T18:07:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-06T20:28:37","modified_gmt":"2023-01-06T20:28:37","slug":"reformele-administrative-si-judiciare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/21\/reformele-administrative-si-judiciare\/","title":{"rendered":"Reformele administrative \u015fi judiciare din Basarabia \u00een secolul al XIX-lea."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Desfiin\u0163area \u015ferbiei a condi\u0163ionat \u015fi schimb\u0103ri radicale \u00een organizarea administrativ\u0103 a Imp. Rus.\u00cen acest scop a fost introdus sistemul zemstvelor.\u015ei daca zemsvea ,prin concep\u0163ia sa trebuia s\u0103 devin\u0103 un organ de stat,apoi \u00een virtu\u0163ia concep\u0163iilor conservatoare ale societ\u0103\u0163ii ruse, ea sa transformat \u00eentrun simplu organ local cu atribu\u0163ii pur gospod\u0103re\u015fti.Institu\u0163ia zemstvelor a fost introdus\u0103 \u00een 1864 \u00een Rusia,iar \u00een 1870 \u015fi \u00een Basarabia.Acest sistem prevedea crearea \u015fi introducerea,autonomiei comunale,jude\u0163ene \u015fi provinciale.Fiecare gubernie avea dreptul sa\u015fi aleaga zemstva sa,din nobili ,negustori \u015fi \u0163\u0103rani.Zemstvele aveau \u00een grija lor gospod\u0103ria local\u0103,\u00eenv\u0103\u0163\u0103m\u00eentul public,c\u0103ile de comunica\u0163ie,po\u015fta ,serviciu sanitar,dezvoltarea comer\u0163ului etc.\u00centrun fel,aceasta reform\u0103 trebuia s\u0103 compenseze mo\u015fierilor pierderea drepturilor lor asupra \u0163\u0103ranilor.Prin zemsve nobilimii i sa creat posibilitatea sa influien\u0163eze via\u0163a local\u0103,satisf\u0103c\u00eendu\u015fi astfel o parte din preten\u0163iile sale.\u00cen ora\u015fe se creau ,dume or\u0103\u015f\u0103ne\u015fti,organe ale autoadministr\u0103rii locale a\u015fa-numitele \u201czemskie upravi\u201d.La conducere \u00een organele autoadministr\u0103rii locale,erau \u00een majoritatea<\/a> absolut\u0103 nobilimea \u015fi cinovnicii veni\u0163i din Rusia, promov\u00eend o politc\u0103 \u00een interesul Rusiei \u0163ariste.\u00cen componen\u0163a zemsvei intrau probleme ce \u0163in de industrie \u015fi comer\u0163ul local,c\u0103ile de comunica\u0163ii,po\u015ft\u0103,serviciu sanitar \u015fi medical, alimenta\u0163ie, instruc\u0163iune public\u0103, \u00een domeniul educa\u0163iei \u015fi instruirii ele au servit \u00een calitate de instrument al politicii rusificatoare. Reforma judiciar\u0103<\/i> a separat justi\u0163ia de administra\u0163ie,au fost \u00eenfiin\u0163ate judec\u0103toriile reprezentative alc\u0103tuite din oamenii din diferite p\u0103turi sociale.Justi\u0163ia a devenit mai transparent\u0103,sa creat avocatura,curtea cu jura\u0163i \u015fi institu\u0163ia superioar\u0103 de casa\u0163ie(senatul).\u00cen Basar.reforma judiciar\u0103 limita aria de ac\u0163iune a legilor locale,care con\u0163inea reminiscen\u0163e ale dreptului vechi moldovalah.Din 1871 Basar. Pierde totalmente caracterul de provincie privilegiat\u0103 devenind o simpl\u0103 gubernie ruseasc\u0103, conduc\u00eenduse \u00een \u00eentregime de legile Rusiei.\u00cen 1889 judec\u0103toriile de pace au fost suprimate \u00een locul lor infiin\u0163\u00eenduse institutul \u201cconduc\u0103torilor de zemsv\u0103\u201d,care \u00eendeplineau func\u0163ii \u015fi administrative \u015fi judiciare.Scopul acestei reforme a fost de a elimina orice obicei rom\u00e2nesc din Basar.Vechiul sistem de recru\u0163i, c\u00eend cet\u0103\u0163enii nu erau obliga\u0163i fiecare personal sa satisfac\u0103 serviciu militar a fost, a fost \u00eenlocuit cu serviciu militar obligatoriu (de 6-7 ani).Astfel, procedura juridic\u0103 devine public\u0103 \u015fi oral\u0103 era \u00eenfiin\u0163at\u0103 judec\u0103toria de gradul doi-instan\u0163a judiciar\u0103 superioar\u0103,care este subordonat\u0103 Cur\u0163ii de la Odesa.\u00cen acela\u015f timp este restr\u00eens \u015fi mai mult arealul de activitate a legisla\u0163iei moldovene\u015fti, procesele judiciare urmau s\u0103 se efectuieze doar \u00een limba rus\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Desfiin\u0163area \u015ferbiei a condi\u0163ionat \u015fi schimb\u0103ri radicale \u00een organizarea administrativ\u0103 a Imp. Rus.\u00cen acest scop a fost introdus sistemul zemstvelor.\u015ei daca zemsvea ,prin concep\u0163ia sa trebuia s\u0103 devin\u0103 un organ de stat,apoi \u00een virtu\u0163ia concep\u0163iilor conservatoare ale societ\u0103\u0163ii ruse, ea sa transformat \u00eentrun simplu organ local cu atribu\u0163ii pur gospod\u0103re\u015fti.Institu\u0163ia zemstvelor a fost introdus\u0103 \u00een […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88544"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=88544"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/88544\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=88544"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=88544"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=88544"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}