{"id":20252,"date":"2011-03-04T13:33:00","date_gmt":"2011-03-04T13:33:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trainingsnews.com\/excretia-renala-3"},"modified":"2011-03-04T13:33:00","modified_gmt":"2011-03-04T13:33:00","slug":"excretia-renala-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2011\/03\/04\/excretia-renala-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Excretia renala"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Excre\u0163ia renal\u0103<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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         <\/span>Metabolismul celular produce CO2 \u015fi anumite substan\u0163e finale, provenite \u00een special din catabolismul proteic. Aportul exogen poate \u015fi el realiza cantit\u0103\u0163i excesive de anumi\u0163i constituen\u0163i care trebuie eliminate. Pl\u0103m\u00e2nii elimin\u0103 CO2 \u015fi alte substan\u0163e volatile, iar substan\u0163ele nevolatile inutilizabile sau \u00een exces, sunt eliminate, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu o anumit\u0103 cantitate de ap\u0103, \u00een cea mai mare parte prin rinichi \u015fi, accesoriu, prin sudoare \u015fi fecale.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Structura aparatului excretor<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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-rinichi \u2013 organe de excre\u0163ie;<\/span><\/div>\n
-c\u0103i urinare : -calice mici \u015fi mari<\/span><\/div>\n
                     <\/span>-pelvis renal<\/span><\/div>\n
                     <\/span>-ureter<\/span><\/div>\n
                     <\/span>-vezic\u0103 urinar\u0103<\/span><\/div>\n
                     <\/span>-uretr\u0103<\/span><\/div>\n
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Rinichii<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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         <\/span>Rinichii sunt organe pereche, situate retroperitoneal, de o parte \u015fi de alta a coloanei vertebrale lombare. Ei au form\u0103 caracteristic\u0103, circa 300 g, dou\u0103 fe\u0163e \u015fi dou\u0103 margini<\/span><\/div>\n
         <\/span>–Segmentul intermediar<\/span><\/i> (ansa Henle), sub\u0163ire, este format din dou\u0103 bra\u0163e, unite \u00eentre ele printr-o bucl\u0103; are epiteliul turti, f\u0103r\u0103 microvii. Nefronii care au glomerulii \u00een zona extern\u0103 a corticalei au ansa Henle scurt\u0103, \u00een timp ce nefronii cu glomerulii \u00een zona intern\u0103 a corticalei au ansa lung\u0103, care coboar\u0103 profund \u00een medular\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
         <\/span>–Segmentul distal<\/span><\/i> este format dintr-o por\u0163ine dreapt\u0103, ascendent\u0103, care ajunge \u00een cortical\u0103 \u00een vecin\u0103tatea glomerulului propriu, \u00een imediat contact cu arteriola aferent\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
         <\/span>Vasculariza\u0163ia renal\u0103<\/i> este extrem de bogat\u0103, rinichii primind 20-25% din debitul cardiac de repaus. Artera renal\u0103, ramur\u0103 a aortei abdominale, p\u0103trunde prin hil \u015fi apoi se \u00eemparte \u00een ramuri interlobare, din care se desprind arterele arcuate \u015fi arterele interlobulare, din care provin arteriolele aferente, care se capilarizeaz\u0103 form\u00e2nd glomerulul.Dup\u0103 ce se regrupeaz\u0103 \u00een arteriole aferente, se capilarizeaz\u0103 din nou \u00een jurul tubului \u015fi se deschid \u00een venele interlobulare, apoi \u00een venele arcuate.<\/span><\/div>\n
         <\/span>Inerva\u0163ia renal\u0103<\/i> provine din plexul situat \u00een hilul organului, format \u00een majoritate din fibre simpatice toraco-lombare, dar \u015fi din c\u00e2teva fibre parasimpatice venite prin nervul vag.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Formarea urinei<\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
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Mecanismul de formare a urinei cuprinde trei procese fundamentale: ultrafiltrarea plasmei la nivel glomerular, reabsor\u0163ia \u015fi secre\u0163ia anumitor constituen\u0163i \u00een tubi.<\/span><\/div>\n
         <\/span>Ultrafiltrarea glomerular\u0103<\/b> este un proces dirijat de for\u0163e fizice, \u00een urma c\u0103ruia aproximativ 1\/5 din cantitatea de plasm\u0103 care irig\u0103 rinichii treceprin membrana filtrant\u0103 glomerular\u0103, extrem de sub\u0163ire, \u00een cavitatea capsular\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Constituent         <\/span>Flitrare       <\/span>Reabsor\u0163ie <\/span>Secre\u0163ie     <\/span>Excre\u0163ie     <\/span><\/span><\/b><\/div>\n
Ap\u0103    <\/span>170    <\/span>168,5 <\/span>–        <\/span>1,5     <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Na+   <\/span>26000 <\/span>25850 <\/span>–        <\/span>150    <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
K+     <\/span>900    <\/span>900    <\/span>100    <\/span>100    <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Uree   <\/span>51      <\/span>31      <\/span>–        <\/span>150    <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Creatin\u0103       <\/span>12      <\/span>1        <\/span>1        <\/span>12      <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Ac. Uric        <\/span>50      <\/span>49      <\/span>4        <\/span>5        <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Glucoz\u0103        <\/span>800    <\/span>800    <\/span>–        <\/span>–        <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
                                               <\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
Reabsor\u0163ia tubular\u0103<\/span><\/b> este procesulprin care sunt recuperate anumite substan\u0163e utile organismului din ultrafiltratul glomerular, mentin\u00e2ndu-se astfel homeostazia plasmatic\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n
Secre\u0163ia tubular\u0103<\/span><\/b> este procesul invers celui de reabsor\u0163ie, transport\u00e2nd anumite substan\u0163e din capilarele peritubulare \u00een lumenul tubului.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Excre\u0163ia renal\u0103          Metabolismul celular produce CO2 \u015fi anumite substan\u0163e finale, provenite \u00een special din catabolismul proteic. Aportul exogen poate \u015fi el realiza cantit\u0103\u0163i excesive de anumi\u0163i constituen\u0163i care trebuie eliminate. Pl\u0103m\u00e2nii elimin\u0103 CO2 \u015fi alte substan\u0163e volatile, iar substan\u0163ele nevolatile inutilizabile sau \u00een exces, sunt eliminate, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu o anumit\u0103 cantitate de ap\u0103, \u00een […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20252"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20252"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/20252\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20252"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20252"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20252"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}