{"id":19851,"date":"2011-04-05T08:18:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T08:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trainingsnews.com\/ovidius-2"},"modified":"2011-04-05T08:18:00","modified_gmt":"2011-04-05T08:18:00","slug":"ovidius-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/ovidius-2\/","title":{"rendered":"OVIDIUS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Se na\u015fte la Sulmo 20 martie 43 \u00ee.e.n. fiu al unei str\u0103vechi familii de cavaleri. \u00cen anul 30 \u00ee.e.n. viitorul poet este trimis \u00eempreun\u0103 cu fratele s\u0103u mai mare cu un an la Roma cu scopul de a primi o c\u00e2t mai bun\u0103 educa\u0163ie la \u015fcoala retorilor. Ovidiu frecventeaz\u0103 lec\u0163iile de declama\u0163ie ale vesti\u0163ilor Arellius Fuscus \u015fi M. Porcius Latro. Cu ace\u015ftia exerseaz\u0103 compunerea, care mai t\u00e2rziu va influen\u0163a opera sa poetic\u0103. Intr\u0103 \u00een cercul lui M. Valerius Mesalla Corvinus care \u00eel \u00eendrum\u0103 \u00een arta poetic\u0103. \u00cen jurul v\u00e2rstei de 18 ani cite\u015fte \u00een public primele sale compuneri poetice (fragmente din Tristia). Dup\u0103 terminarea studiilor de retoric\u0103 Ovidiu c\u0103l\u0103tore\u015fte la Atena, unde popose\u015fte c\u00e2tva timp, spre a se instrui \u00een \u201ccetatea lumin\u0103\u201d a Greciei, apoi viziteaz\u0103 monumentele din Asia Mic\u0103, Sicilia (Siracuza), \u00eenso\u0163it fiind de amicul \u015fi confratele s\u0103u Pompeius Macer.&nbsp; Dup\u0103 \u00een-toarcere intr\u0103 \u00een magistratur\u0103 unde ocup\u0103 diferite func\u0163ii minore.&nbsp; Cur\u00e2nd \u00ee\u015fi va \u00eentrerupe cariera judec\u0103toreasc\u0103 \u015fi politic\u0103, activit\u0103\u0163i care-i r\u0103peau \u2013 dup\u0103 cum m\u0103rturisea poetul \u2013 r\u0103gazul datorat muzelor. <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00centre anii 23 \u015fi 15 \u00ee.e.n. compune un num\u0103r de 21 epistole, care vor alc\u0103tui colec\u0163ia numit\u0103 <i>Heroides Epistulae Heroidum)<\/i> \u015fi&nbsp; preg\u0103te\u015fte prima edi\u0163ie \u00een cinci c\u0103r\u0163i a <i>Amorurilor (Amores),<\/i> \u00een care va c\u00e2nta pe Corina (un nume conven\u0163ional sub care se ascundeprobabil, Iulia, nepoata lui Octavianus Augustus). Tot din aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103&nbsp; dateaz\u0103 \u015fi tragedia Medeea \u2013 din care nu s-au p\u0103strat dec\u00e2t c\u00e2teva mici fragmente \u015fi o lucrare intitulat\u0103 <i>Gigantomachia<\/i>, \u015fi edi\u0163ia a II-a a Amorurilor, con\u0163in\u00e2nd numai trei c\u0103r\u0163i.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen anii 2 \u015fi 1 \u00ee.e.n. elaboreaz\u0103 primele dou\u0103 c\u0103r\u0163i din <i>Arta iubirii (Ars amandi sau Ars amatoria), <\/i>completat\u0103 apoi cu cartea a III-a \u015fi lucreaz\u0103 la tratatul intitulat <i>Cosmetice (Medicamina faciei femineae). <\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Cam \u00een acela\u015fi timp compune \u015fi <i>Rewmediile iubirii (Remedia amoris). <\/i><\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen anul 8 e.n. la v\u00e2rsta deplinei maturit\u0103\u0163i, poetul compune marea fresc\u0103 a <i>Metamorfozelor, <\/i>\u00een 15 c\u0103r\u0163i. Se \u00eensoar\u0103 a treia oar\u0103 cu Fabia rud\u0103 cu Paulus Fabius Maximus, amic a lui Octavianus Augustus, ceea ce \u00eei faciliteaz\u0103 poetului contactul cu unii membri ai familiei princiare, fapt socotit de Ovidiu ca una din cauzele releg\u0103rii sale. \u00cen aceea\u015fi perioad\u0103, deci concomitent cu <i>Metamorfozele, <\/i>scrie \u015fi primele 6 c\u0103r\u0163i din <i>Faste (Fasti), <\/i>la finisarea c\u0103rora lucreaz\u0103 \u015fi \u00een exil, schimb\u00e2ndu-le \u015fi dedica\u0163ia.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen acest an survine \u201ctragedia\u201d vie\u0163ii lui Ovidiu, fiind exilat (corect: relegat), printr-un edict a lui Augustus, la Tomis \u2013 Constan\u0163a de ast\u0103zi. Motivele acestui exil sunt neclare, enigmatice chiar \u015fi \u00een ziua de ast\u0103zi. Poetul spune \u201ccarmen et error\u201d. Poezia, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd opera sa <i>Arta iubirii<\/i> \u015fi o \u201cgre\u015feal\u0103\u201d, o \u201cnaivitate\u201d sau \u201cimpruden\u0163\u0103\u201d cum pretinde Ovidiu. Bine\u00een\u0163eles c\u0103 de aceast\u0103 sanc\u0163iune grav\u0103 nu au fost str\u0103ini nici unii din curtenii lui Augustus, invidio\u015fi pe succesul poetului.&nbsp;&nbsp; <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; La Tomis ajunge \u00een mijlocul luni mai a anului 9 \u00ee.e.n.(H. Frankel), dup\u0103 o c\u0103l\u0103torie lung\u0103 plin\u0103 de pericole \u015fi de peripe\u0163ii pe mare \u015fi pe uscat.&nbsp; \u00cen timpul c\u0103l\u0103toriei pe corabia Minerva amenin\u0163at\u0103 de furtun\u0103 elaboreaz\u0103 primele dou\u0103 c\u0103r\u0163i din <i>Triste (Tristia). <\/i>Ajuns la Tomis \u00een anii 9 \u015fi 10 e.n. scrie elegiile cuprinse \u00een cartea III-a a <i>Tristelor. <\/i>De la sosirea sa \u00een Tomis Ovidiu continu\u0103 s\u0103 scrie opera sa poetic\u0103. \u00cencheie ciclul <i>Tristelor, <\/i>care cuprinde \u00een cartea IV-a \u015fi celebra sa autobiografie a perioadei de la Roma <i>(Povestea vie\u0163ii mele), <\/i>\u00een care ne d\u0103 pre\u0163ioase date privind via\u0163a, opera, cariera sa politic\u0103 \u015fi \u201cjudec\u0103toreasc\u0103\u201d \u015fi confra\u0163ii s\u0103i. Al\u0103turat sunt ar\u0103tate ruinele templului lui Saturn din Roma, cetate care i-a r\u0103mas tot timpul \u00een inim\u0103. De asemeni termin\u0103 \u015fi ciclul <i>Ponticele, <\/i>publicat\u0103 abia dup\u0103 moartea poetului \u00een anii 17, 18.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen anul 14 se sinucide nobilul Paulus Fabius Maximus, amicul \u015fi \u201cpatronul\u201d lui Ovidiu. De asemeni moare \u00een condi\u0163ii enigmatice \u2013 Augustus, la Nola \u00een Campania. Aceste evenimente aveau s\u0103-i r\u0103peasc\u0103 lui Ovidiu \u015fi ultima speran\u0163\u0103 de rechemare la Roma. Era \u015ftiut c\u0103 at\u00e2t Livia c\u00e2t \u015fi Tiberius, succesorul lui Augustus, au fost adversari ne\u00eendupleca\u0163i ai poetului. \u00cen continuare \u00een ultimi ani care \u00eei va petrece \u00een Tomis,Ovidiu \u00ee\u015fi va continua activitatea sa poetic\u0103. \u00cen ultimi ani din via\u0163\u0103 va scrie Poemul <i>Ibis, <\/i>\u00eendreptat \u00eempotriva unui fost \u201camic\u201d (identificat cu oratorul Cassius Severus), care c\u0103uta s\u0103-l def\u0103imeze la Roma \u015fi s\u0103-i \u00eenr\u0103u-t\u0103\u0163easc\u0103 situa\u0163ia, f\u0103c\u00e2nd astfel s\u0103 devin\u0103 impo-sibil\u0103 rechemarea poetului la Roma. Al\u0103turat este ar\u0103tat Arcul de Triumf a lui Constantin.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; La 1 ianuarie 17, dat\u0103 acceptat\u0103 de <i>Cronica lui Eusebiu, <\/i>marele poet moare la Tomis cu g\u00e2ndul \u015fi inima mereu la Roma. Cinstind cu m\u0103rinimie memoria marelui poet concitadin, ge\u0163ii l-au \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat aproape de poarta cet\u0103\u0163ii.<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen semn de omagiu adus marelui poet apare \u00een 1679 la Sibiu pentru prima oar\u0103 \u00een lume o traducere trilingu\u0103 con\u0163in\u00e2nd \u201csentin\u0163e\u201d alese din opera marelui poet (versiune rom\u00e2neasc\u0103, maghiar\u0103 \u015fi german\u0103). <\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; \u00cen 1885 este reprezentat\u0103 la Bucure\u015fti drama Ovidiu de Vasile Alecsandri, iar \u00een 1887 este dezvelit\u0103 la Constan\u0163a statuia din bronz a poetului, opera a sculptorului italian Ettore Ferrari. <i>&nbsp;<\/i>&nbsp;<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"MsoHeader\" style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Se na\u015fte la Sulmo 20 martie 43 \u00ee.e.n. fiu al unei str\u0103vechi familii de cavaleri. \u00cen anul 30 \u00ee.e.n. viitorul poet este trimis \u00eempreun\u0103 cu fratele s\u0103u mai mare cu un an la Roma cu scopul de a primi o c\u00e2t mai bun\u0103 educa\u0163ie la \u015fcoala retorilor. Ovidiu frecventeaz\u0103 lec\u0163iile de declama\u0163ie ale vesti\u0163ilor Arellius [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19851"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19851"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19851\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19851"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19851"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19851"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}