{"id":19850,"date":"2011-04-05T08:20:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-05T08:20:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trainingsnews.com\/pericleperikles-2"},"modified":"2011-04-05T08:20:00","modified_gmt":"2011-04-05T08:20:00","slug":"pericleperikles-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/05\/pericleperikles-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Pericle\/Perikles"},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">Pericle\/Perikles (c. 490-429 \u00ee.Hr.), om politic atenian. Fiu al generalului Xantip (\u00eenving\u0103torul de la Mycale) \u015fi al Agaristei (nepoata lui Clistene) din familia Alcmeonizilor. Pericle apare \u00een 472 \u00een calitate de choreg la premiera piesei <i>Per\u015fii<\/i> a lui Eschil. \u00cen 463 se afirm\u0103 \u00een via\u0163a politic\u0103 a cet\u0103\u0163ii ca acuzator \u00een procesul intentat lui Cimon, liderul partidei aristocratice, m\u0103rturie a apartenen\u0163ei sale la tab\u0103ra democrat\u0103. Dup\u0103 asasinarea lui Efialte (461), Pericle devine,, pentru trei decenii, conduc\u0103torul democra\u0163ilor radicali, realiz\u00e2nd \u00eentregul program politic al acestuia, democra\u0163ia atenian\u0103 cunosc\u00e2nd \u00een aceast\u0103 epoc\u0103 apogeul \u00eenfloririi ei. Pericle ini\u0163iaz\u0103 construc\u0163ia zidurilor lungi dintre Atena \u015fi porturile Pireu \u015fi Faleron (462-445), lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva Spartei \u015fi a Persiei (sprijinind printr-un corp expedi\u0163ionar atenian, \u00eencercarea Egiptului de a se emancipa de sub domina\u0163ia ahemenid\u0103), particip\u0103 ca strateg la b\u0103t\u0103lia de la Tanagra (457) \u015fi continu\u0103<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">consolidarea ligii delioatice, transform\u00e2nd-o treptat \u00eentr-un adev\u0103rat imperiu atenian. Tezaurul ligii este transferat de la Delos la Atena, tributul datorat de fiecare polis membru al ligii este fixat de atenieni o dat\u0103 la 4 ani, tot ace\u015ftia hot\u0103r\u00e2nd modul de folosire a lui; clehurii ateniene sunt create \u00een numeroase p\u0103r\u0163i ale M\u0103rii Egee \u015fi Helespontului. \u00cencerc\u0103rile membrilor ligii de a se retrage din imperiul atenian sunt reprimate prin for\u0163a armelor (Eubeea \u00een 446, Samosul este cucerit de Pericle dup\u0103 un asediu de 9 luni \u00een 439). Prin ,,pacea lui Callias\u201d (449\/448) sunt \u00eencheiate oficial r\u0103zboaiele medice, Atena ob\u0163in\u00e2nd recunoa\u015fterea de c\u0103tre Persia a ligii sale. Planul lui Pericle de a convoca la Atena un congres panelenic, \u00een anul urm\u0103tor, e\u015fueaz\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 datorit\u0103 opozi\u0163iei Spartei. Sprijinul acordat de Sparta ligii beo\u0163iene declan\u015feaz\u0103, \u00een anii<\/span><span style=\"height: 9px; left: 0px; margin-left: 653px; margin-top: 5px; position: absolute; width: 9px; z-index: 1;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\".\" height=\"9\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/DOCUME%7E1\/nn\/USTAWI%7E1\/Temp\/msohtml1\/01\/clip_image001.gif\" width=\"9\" \/><\/span><span lang=\"EN-AU\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">447-446, un conflict militar cu Atena, \u00eencheiat \u00een 446\/445 printr-o pace ,,de 30 de ani\u201d.&nbsp;&nbsp; Dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 dat\u0103, Pericle \u00eencearc\u0103 s\u0103 consolideze prin mijloace pa\u015fnice puterea atenian\u0103 \u015fi ini\u0163iaz\u0103 un vast program de construc\u0163ii. \u00cen 443 opozi\u0163ia conservatoare este \u00eenfr\u00e2nt\u0103 prin exilarea liderului ei Tucidide, fiul lui Melesias de la aceast\u0103 dat\u0103, Pericle este ales, p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 430, an de an, strateg, exercit\u00e2nd puterea necontestat\u0103 \u00een stat. <\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">\u00cen 448\/447 Fidias inaugureaz\u0103 construc\u0163ia Parthenonului, \u00een 437\/436 \u00eencep lucr\u0103rile la Propylee, \u00een 442 se \u00eencheie \u00een\u0103l\u0163area Odeonului, pe Agora este zidit Thesaionul. Cercul format \u00een jurul lui Pericle include figuri dintre cele mai reprezentative ale epocii: Sofocle, Herodot, Fidias, Anaxagoras, Protagora, Damon. O dat\u0103 cu accentuarea contradic\u0163iilor dintre cele dou\u0103 mari simahii ale lumii grece\u015fti, cea peloponesiac\u0103 \u015fi cea atic\u0103, Pericle \u00ee\u015fi \u00eendreapt\u0103 aten\u0163ia spre lumea elen\u0103 apusean\u0103, \u00eencheind alian\u0163e cu ora\u015fele Rhegion din sudul Italiei \u015fi Leontinoi din Sicilia, apoi intervine \u00een favoarea Corcirei \u00een conflictul acesteia cu Corintul (aliat statornic al Spartei). Prev\u0103z\u00e2nd cu luciditate inevitabila ciocnire cu Sparta, Pericle alege el momentul declan\u015f\u0103rii acestei confrunt\u0103ri care se va transforma \u00een r\u0103zboiul peloponesiac (431-404). \u00cen ultimii ani ai vie\u0163ii, este asaltat de frontul comun al opozan\u0163ilor s\u0103i; Tucidide, liderul aristocra\u0163ilor, revenit din exil \u00een 433, se aproprie de Cleon, conduc\u0103torul p\u0103turilor democrate extremiste, \u015fi de cercurile religioase, conservatoare, nemul\u0163umite de ,,iluminismul\u201d sofist al lui Pericle. \u00cen urma unor procese publice ini\u0163iate de du\u015f anii politici ai lui Pericle, Fidias \u015fi Anaxagoras sunt obliga\u0163i s\u0103 p\u0103r\u0103seasc\u0103 Atena, numai cu mari eforturi reu\u015fe\u015fte Pericle s-o salveze de aceea\u015fi soart\u0103 pe Aspasia, so\u0163ia sa. El \u00eensu\u015fi cade \u00een 430, victim\u0103 unui<\/span><span style=\"height: 8px; left: 0px; margin-left: 308px; margin-top: 20px; position: absolute; width: 8px; z-index: 2;\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" alt=\".\" height=\"8\" src=\"file:\/\/\/C:\/DOCUME%7E1\/nn\/USTAWI%7E1\/Temp\/msohtml1\/01\/clip_image002.gif\" width=\"8\" \/><\/span><span lang=\"EN-AU\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"RO\" style=\"font-size: 12pt;\">proces, dar este reaoilitat \u00een anul urm\u0103tor. Moare de cium\u0103 c\u00e2teva luni mai t\u00e2rziu, \u00eentr-un moment dintre cele mai critice pentru cetatea sa.&nbsp;&nbsp; Personalitate multilateral\u0103, cel mai str\u0103lucit orator al epocii, de o \u0163inut\u0103 etic\u0103 irepro\u015fabil\u0103, Pericle a ridicat Atena, \u00een timpul guvern\u0103rii sale, la apogeul dezvolt\u0103rii ei economice, politice \u015fi culturale.<\/span><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pericle\/Perikles (c. 490-429 \u00ee.Hr.), om politic atenian. Fiu al generalului Xantip (\u00eenving\u0103torul de la Mycale) \u015fi al Agaristei (nepoata lui Clistene) din familia Alcmeonizilor. Pericle apare \u00een 472 \u00een calitate de choreg la premiera piesei Per\u015fii a lui Eschil. \u00cen 463 se afirm\u0103 \u00een via\u0163a politic\u0103 a cet\u0103\u0163ii ca acuzator \u00een procesul intentat lui Cimon, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19850"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19850"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19850\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19850"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19850"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19850"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}