{"id":19633,"date":"2011-04-28T13:18:00","date_gmt":"2011-04-28T13:18:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trainingsnews.com\/piata-valutara-si-componentele-ei"},"modified":"2011-04-28T13:18:00","modified_gmt":"2011-04-28T13:18:00","slug":"piata-valutara-si-componentele-ei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2011\/04\/28\/piata-valutara-si-componentele-ei\/","title":{"rendered":"Pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 \u015fi componentele ei."},"content":{"rendered":"
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Pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 reprezint\u0103 un sistem de rela\u0163ii valutar-financiare interna\u0163ionale \u00een care se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 cump\u0103r\u0103rile \u015fi v\u00eenz\u0103rile de valut\u0103 exprimate \u00een moned\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103care este caracteristic pentru o economie deschis\u0103. Pe pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 se efectuiaz\u0103 opera\u0163iuni la termen \u015fi la vedere.
\nComponentele pie\u0163ii valutare sunt:
\n# bursa valutar\u0103
\n# casele de schimb(cump\u0103r\u0103 sau v\u00eend valut\u0103 nelimitat de la b\u0103nci pentru clin\u0163i);
\n# bancile autorizate de Banca Na\u0163ional\u0103 (BN)
\n Pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 este descris\u0103 de urm\u0103toarele activit\u0103\u0163i:
\n1.specula\u0163ia valutar\u0103, care reprezint\u0103 cump\u0103rarea \u015fi vinzare de valut\u0103 care are baz\u0103 economic\u0103 cu scopul de a ob\u0163ine un c\u00ee\u015ftig;
\n2.arbitraj valutar \u2013 se efectuiaz\u0103 la nivel mai \u00eenalt de c\u0103tre b\u0103ncile cu sume mai mari \u00een valut\u0103, specula\u0163ii la nivel superior;
\n3.interven\u0163ia statului-reprezint\u0103 v\u00eenzarea cump\u0103rarea de valut\u0103 de c\u0103tre stat \u00een scopul men\u0163inerii cursului valutei na\u0163ionale.
\n Pe pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 se confrunt\u0103 cererea \u015fi oferta de valut\u0103:
\n Cererea de valut\u0103 provine din partea agen\u0163ilor economici str\u0103ini care inten\u0163ioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 cumpere \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp \u015fi la un pre\u0163 determinat o anumit\u0103 cantitate de moned\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103 pentru achizi\u0163ionarea de bunuri \u015fi servicii \u015fi a unor active fizice \u015fi financiare \u00een \u0163ara noastr\u0103. Cererea de valut\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103 este generat\u0103 de urm\u0103torii factori:
\n– de opera\u0163iunile de import(de agen\u0163ii economici specializa\u0163i \u00een impotul de bunuri);
\n– de necesitatea extinderii activit\u0103\u0163ii economice;
\n– de persoanele care pleac\u0103 \u00een scopuri turistice sau de afaceri peste hotare;
\n– de m\u0103surile de ap\u0103rare \u00eempotriva unei dinamici nefavorabile a cursului de schimb al valutei na\u0163ionale;
\n– de opera\u0163iuni speculative;
\n– de ie\u015firi ale capitalului na\u0163ional \u00een scopul de investire peste hotare sau de p\u0103strare a avu\u0163iei \u00een b\u0103ncile str\u0103ine.
\nOferta pe pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 reprezint\u0103 cantitatea de moned\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103 pe care agen\u0163ii economici na\u0163ionali inten\u0163ioneaz\u0103 s\u0103 o schimbe \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 perioad\u0103 de timp la un curs dat, \u00een scopul achizi\u0163ion\u0103rii de bunuri str\u0103ine. Oferta de valut\u0103 este \u201ealimentat\u0103\u201d de:
\n– banii ob\u0163inu\u0163i \u00een urma exportului de bunuri materiale \u015fi servicii;
\n– transferul de bani al persoanelor care activeaz\u0103 peste hotare;
\n– \u00eemprumuturi \u015fi credite, contracte cu organiza\u0163iile economice interna\u0163ionale;<\/p>\n

– depozite bancare \u015fi bani ai agen\u0163ilor economici \u00een valut\u0103 liber convertibil\u0103.
\nConvertibilitatea – este proprietatea unei monede na\u0163ionale de a se schimba, cu monedele altor \u0163\u0103ri.
\n Cre\u015fterea exporturilor de m\u0103rfuri \u015fi servicii din \u0163ar\u0103 duce la cre\u015fterea cererii pentru valuta na\u0163ional\u0103 peste hotare \u015fi, totodat\u0103, creeaz\u0103 oferta de valut\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103 \u00een \u0163ar\u0103.
\n Cre\u015fterea importului de m\u0103rfuri \u015fi servicii creeaz\u0103, astfel, cererea pentru valuta str\u0103in\u0103 \u015fi, totodat\u0103,creeaz\u0103 oferta de valut\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103 pentru str\u0103ini.
\n Cre\u015fterea cererii interne pentru valuta str\u0103in\u0103 duce la mic\u015forarea rezervelor ei la Banca Na\u0163ional\u0103 a \u0163\u0103rii, astfel, exportul permite de a c\u00ee\u015ftiga valut\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103 necesar\u0103 pentru plata impotului.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 reprezint\u0103 un sistem de rela\u0163ii valutar-financiare interna\u0163ionale \u00een care se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 cump\u0103r\u0103rile \u015fi v\u00eenz\u0103rile de valut\u0103 exprimate \u00een moned\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103care este caracteristic pentru o economie deschis\u0103. Pe pia\u0163a valutar\u0103 se efectuiaz\u0103 opera\u0163iuni la termen \u015fi la vedere. Componentele pie\u0163ii valutare sunt: # bursa valutar\u0103 # casele de schimb(cump\u0103r\u0103 sau v\u00eend valut\u0103 nelimitat de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19633"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=19633"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19633\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=19633"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=19633"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=19633"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}