{"id":19600,"date":"2011-05-06T11:27:00","date_gmt":"2011-05-06T11:27:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/trainingsnews.com\/cresterea-rapida-investitiilor-in-2"},"modified":"2011-05-06T11:27:00","modified_gmt":"2011-05-06T11:27:00","slug":"cresterea-rapida-investitiilor-in-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2011\/05\/06\/cresterea-rapida-investitiilor-in-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Cre\u015fterea rapid\u0103 a investi\u0163iilor \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate \u015fi consacrarea acestora"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Investi\u0163iile \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate se deosebesc de comer\u0163ul interna\u0163ional prin trei aspecte:
\n1) \u00cen timp ce rela\u0163iile comerciale presupun interdependen\u0163e \u00eentre p\u0103r\u0163i, \u00een domeniul rela\u0163iilor m\u0103rfuri-bani (aprovizionare – desfacere), investi\u0163iile creaz\u0103 \u015fi dezvolt\u0103 raporturi directe \u00een domeniul produc\u0163iei. Din punct de vedere economic, o investi\u0163ie \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate implic\u0103 o op\u0163iune pentru interna\u0163ionalizarea activit\u0103\u0163ilor economice. Aceste investi\u0163ii sunt:
\n\u2022 investi\u0163ii str\u0103ine directe – duc la o implicare nemijlocit\u0103 a investitorilor \u00eentr-o afacere din \u0163ara gazd\u0103 \u015fi nu se are \u00een vedere investi\u0163iile de portofoliu, adic\u0103 plasamentele financiare;
\n\u2022 investi\u0163ii care se valorific\u0103 \u00een sfera economiei reale \u00een procesul de transformare (de produc\u0163ie \u015fi schimb), \u015fi nu \u00een sfera economiei financiare (simbolice).
\n2) Investi\u0163iile str\u0103ine complexe, directe presupun implicarea investitorilor \u00een managementul firmei din \u0163ara gazd\u0103 \u015fi participarea la \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163irea profiturilor \u015fi a riscurilor \u00een afaceri. Acestea se pot realiza:
\n\uf06e fie prin \u00eenfiin\u0163area unei firme noi (numit\u0103 \u201cinvesti\u0163ie pe loc gol\u201d sau \u201cgreen field investment\u201d);
\n\uf06e fie prin cump\u0103rarea unui pachet de ac\u0163iuni de la o firm\u0103 str\u0103in\u0103 (se consider\u0103 ca o achizi\u0163ie de peste 60 % din capitalul social al unei firme str\u0103ine este o investi\u0163ie direct\u0103).
\n3) \u00cen timp ce opera\u0163iile comerciale se bazeaz\u0103 pe rela\u0163ia de tip debitor – creditor, investi\u0163iile str\u0103ine duc la stabilirea, \u00eentre parteneri, a unor raporturi bazate pe spiritul de asociere, partenerii fiind asocia\u015fi \u015fi av\u00e2nd, \u00een cadrul firmei, o pozi\u0163ie determinat\u0103 de cota de\u0163inut\u0103 \u00een capitalul social.
\nCa atare, rela\u0163iile de afaceri nu au un caracter intermitent sau strict limitat \u00een timp, ci tind s\u0103 capete un caracter de permanen\u0163\u0103 \u015fi durabilitate.
\nInvesti\u0163iile str\u0103ine directe au cunoscut o dinamic\u0103 accentuat\u0103 \u00een ultimile dou\u0103 decenii, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t evolu\u0163ia investi\u0163iilor interna\u0163ionale pe principalele grupe de \u0163\u0103ri a fost:
\n\uf06e \u0163\u0103rile din Uniunea European\u0103 – 183 mld. $ (1990) \u015fi 1195 mld. $ (1997);
\n\uf06e Statele Unite ale Americii – 83 mld. $ (1990) \u015fi 721 mld. $ (1997);
\n\uf06e Japonia – 3 mld. $ (1990) si 33 mld. $ (1997).
\n Ca \u015fi \u00een cazul comer\u0163ului interna\u0163ional, se remarc\u0103 o tendin\u0163\u0103 de concentrare a investi\u0163iilor str\u0103ine directe \u00een centrul dezvoltat al lumii, \u00eendeosebi \u00een cadrul triadei SUA – Japonia – Europa Occidental\u0103.
\n \u00centre comer\u0163ul interna\u0163ional \u015fi investi\u0163iile \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate exist\u0103 o rela\u0163ie complex\u0103: exporturile de m\u0103rfuri pot reprezenta o prim\u0103 faz\u0103 \u00eentr-o expansiune interna\u0163ional\u0103, care poate duce la investi\u0163ii str\u0103ine directe. Pe de alt\u0103 parte, investi\u0163iile str\u0103ine directe pot stimula rela\u0163iile comerciale dintre \u0163ara de origine \u015fi cea receptoare a investi\u0163iilor (raport de complementaritate \u015fi autoalimentare reciproc\u0103).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Investi\u0163iile \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate se deosebesc de comer\u0163ul interna\u0163ional prin trei aspecte: 1) \u00cen timp ce rela\u0163iile comerciale presupun interdependen\u0163e \u00eentre p\u0103r\u0163i, \u00een domeniul rela\u0163iilor m\u0103rfuri-bani (aprovizionare – desfacere), investi\u0163iile creaz\u0103 \u015fi dezvolt\u0103 raporturi directe \u00een domeniul produc\u0163iei. Din punct de vedere economic, o investi\u0163ie \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate implic\u0103 o op\u0163iune pentru interna\u0163ionalizarea activit\u0103\u0163ilor economice. Aceste investi\u0163ii […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-phd"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t