{"id":108278,"date":"2018-02-15T10:06:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-15T10:06:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-08T10:42:22","modified_gmt":"2023-01-08T10:42:22","slug":"valutele-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/15\/valutele-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Valutele"},"content":{"rendered":"
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<\/h3>\n
Valutele reprezint\u0103 monedele na\u0163ionale cu circula\u0163ie interna\u0163ional\u0103 care pot fi utilizate ca mijloc de plat\u0103 \u015fi pot constitui rezerve \u015fi \u00een alte \u0163\u0103ri dec\u00e2t cele ce reprezint\u0103 \u0163\u0103ri de emisiune ale acestor monede. Valutele au aceast\u0103 calitate suplimentar\u0103 de a permite realizarea imediat\u0103 a stingerii unei obliga\u0163ii \u00een rela\u0163iile comerciale interna\u0163ionale.
Valutele se clasific\u0103 astfel:
1. dup\u0103 modul \u00een care sunt de\u0163inute
– \u00een numerar \u2013 bancnote \u015fi monezi \u2013 cash \u2013 acea moned\u0103 sau bancnot\u0103 utilizat\u0103 \u00een stingerea obliga\u0163iei.
– \u00een cont \u2013 se afl\u0103 numai sub form\u0103 de disponibil \u00een cont, \u00een condi\u0163iile \u00een care majoritatea pl\u0103\u0163ilor se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 pe traseu bancar \u2013 au o utilitate mai redus\u0103 dec\u00e2t valutele \u00een numerar \u00een comer\u0163ul interna\u0163ional. Ea poate fi utilizat\u0103 la dispozi\u0163ia titularului contului respectiv \u015fi se poate transforma \u00een numerar doar la ordinul titularului.
2. dup\u0103 modul \u00een care poate fi utilizat\u0103 valuta \u00een cont
– valut\u0103 depozitat\u0103 la vedere
– valut\u0103 depozitat\u0103 la termen.
3. dup\u0103 modul de preschimbare al valutelor:
– valute convertibile
– valute transferabile
– valute liber utilizabile
– valute neconvertibile.
Valutele convertibile \u2013 se schimb\u0103 liber f\u0103r\u0103 restric\u0163ii, schimbarea se face contra altor valute. Aceasta presupune un angajament \u00eentre \u0163\u0103ri \u00een a\u015fa fel \u00eenc\u00e2t moneda de\u0163inut\u0103 de o persoan\u0103 la un moment dat s\u0103 poat\u0103 fi transformat\u0103 \u00een moneda na\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi invers. Pentru a fi convertibil\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 \u00eendeplineasc\u0103 o serie de criterii.<\/p>\n

Valutele neconvertibile \u2013 pot fi schimbate doar cu aprobarea institu\u0163iilor abilitate,
– particip\u0103 \u00een pondere sc\u0103zut\u0103 la schimburile interna\u0163ionale,
– pot fi schimbate doar \u00eentr-un singur sens, de la valuta convertibil\u0103 la cea neconvertibil\u0103, invers nu este posibil.
Valuta transferabil\u0103 – are un anumit grad de convertibilitate stabilit \u00een cadrul unei \u00een\u0163elegeri regionale,
– contribuie la realizarea unor opera\u0163iuni \u00een anumite circumstan\u0163e \u015fi pentru anumite rela\u0163ii stabilite \u00eenainte.
Valutele liber utilizabile \u2013 au convertibilitate total\u0103 \u015fi sunt recunoscute de FMI, BERD; BIRD; Banca Mondial\u0103 \u2013 dolarul american, EURO, yenul japonez, lira sterlin\u0103. Sunt utilizate foarte larg \u00een tranzac\u0163iile interna\u0163ionale \u015fi sunt recunoscute ca instrumente de plat\u0103 \u00een opera\u0163iile comerciale.
4. \u00een func\u0163ie de regimul de definire al valutelor
– valute care floteaz\u0103 liber \u00een func\u0163ie de cerere \u015fi ofert\u0103,
– valute care floteaz\u0103 \u00een func\u0163ie de Sistemul Monetar European,
– valute al c\u0103ror curs e legat de alte valute convertibile
– valute a c\u0103ror valoare e legat\u0103 direct de cursul DST.
Unele valute \u00eendeplinesc o func\u0163ie foarte complex\u0103 \u2013 valut\u0103 de rezerv\u0103.
Pentru a \u00eendeplini acest rol, valutele trebuie:
– s\u0103 joace un rol important \u00een opera\u0163iunile financiare interna\u0163ionale
– s\u0103 fie liber convertibile
– s\u0103 aib\u0103 stabilitate pe termen lung.<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Valutele reprezint\u0103 monedele na\u0163ionale cu circula\u0163ie interna\u0163ional\u0103 care pot fi utilizate ca mijloc de plat\u0103 \u015fi pot constitui rezerve \u015fi \u00een alte \u0163\u0103ri dec\u00e2t cele ce reprezint\u0103 \u0163\u0103ri de emisiune ale acestor monede. Valutele au aceast\u0103 calitate suplimentar\u0103 de a permite realizarea imediat\u0103 a stingerii unei obliga\u0163ii \u00een rela\u0163iile comerciale interna\u0163ionale.Valutele se clasific\u0103 astfel:1. dup\u0103 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108278"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=108278"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/108278\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=108278"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=108278"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=108278"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}