{"id":107474,"date":"2018-02-19T02:08:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-19T02:08:00","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-08T10:35:35","modified_gmt":"2023-01-08T10:35:35","slug":"societatea-si-economia-romaneasca-1859-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/2018\/02\/19\/societatea-si-economia-romaneasca-1859-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Societatea \u015fi economia rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 (1859-1914)."},"content":{"rendered":"<div style=\"margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px;\" class=\"sharethis-inline-share-buttons\" ><\/div><h3 class=\"post-title entry-title\" itemprop=\"headline\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: Oswald, sans-serif; font-size: 20px; font-stretch: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-weight: normal; line-height: 1.1; margin: 0px 0px 10px; padding: 0px; position: relative;\"><\/h3>\n<div class=\"post-body entry-content\" id=\"post-body-5971983334542459845\" style=\"background-color: white; color: #555555; font-family: Roboto, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 13px; line-height: 1.7; margin: 0px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0px; width: 615px;\">\n<div style=\"line-height: 19.5px; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"line-height: 19.5px;\">Popula\u0163ia Principatelor a \u00eenregistrat \u00een 1859-1860, c\u00eend s-a efectuat primele recens\u0103minte, st\u00eet la sud, c\u00eet \u015fi la nord de Milcov, un num\u0103r de 4.424.961 de locuitori. \u00cen mediul urban, locuia circa o cincime din popula\u0163ia \u0163\u0103rii, totodat\u0103 unii dintre locuitorii ora\u015felor continuau s\u0103 fie lega\u0163i de activit\u0103\u0163ile agrare. Cu toate acestea a fost evident progresul \u00eenregistrat \u00een dezvoltarea ora\u015felor. Bucure\u015ftii deveni\u0163i \u00een 1862 capitala \u0163\u0103rii, au cunoscut sporul cel mai mare al popula\u0163iei.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">Societatea rom\u00e2neasc\u0103 a \u00eenregistrat schimb\u0103ri structurale. Clase \u015fi categorii sociale \u015fi-au v\u0103zut statutul schimbat. Boierimea \u015fi-a \u00eencetat practic existen\u0163a social-politic\u0103 privilegiat\u0103 \u00een momentul \u00een care firmanul electoral pentru convocarea Divanurilor ad-hoc n-a mai \u0163inut-o \u00een seam\u0103 \u015fi pe plan de<a href=\"http:\/\/optdolari.blogspot.ca\/2011\/02\/societatea-si-economia-romaneasca-1859.html\" name=\"more\" style=\"color: #ee5307; outline: none; text-decoration-line: none;\"><\/a>&nbsp;drept, odat\u0103 cu intrarea \u00een vigoare a Conven\u0163iei de la Paris din 7\/19 august&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1858.&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u0162\u0103r\u0103nimea cl\u0103ca\u015f\u0103 \u015fi-a schimbat \u015fi ea situa\u0163ia, odat\u0103 cu reforma agrar\u0103 din&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">14\/26&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">august&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1864,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">prin eliberare \u015fi \u00eempropriet\u0103rire. \u00cen privin\u0163a p\u0103turilor mijlocii a burgheziei \u2014<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">rolul lor a sporit pe toate planurile. Marea boierime&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u2014&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">care dominase timp de veacuri&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u2014&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u00eencetase de a fi o categorie privilegiat\u0103, iar dintre marii boieri se men\u0163inuser\u0103 \u015fi aveau s\u0103 se men\u0163in\u0103 mai departe \u00een r\u00eendurile clasei politice conduc\u0103toare doar acei care au c\u0103zut la un compromis cu epoca pe care o tr\u0103iau \u015fi aceasta de la \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte \u015fi mod de via\u0163\u0103 \u015fi p\u00een\u0103 la acceptarea sistemului politic \u015fi parlamentar modern. Dac\u0103 pozi\u0163iile boierimii \u015fi apoi ale mo\u015fierimii tindeau a se restr\u00eenge, cele ale burgheziei s-au consolidat, lucru care s-a reflectat \u015fi \u00een Conven\u0163ia de la Paris din 1858 \u015fi \u00een Constitu\u0163ia din 1866. De asemenea, rolul politic al burgheziei s-a accentuat an de an mai ales \u00een cadrul Partidului Liberal \u015fi apoi prin infiltrarea ei \u00een Partidul Conservator. Nu mai exista \u0163\u0103r\u0103nime aservit\u0103, s-au ad\u0103ugat aproape o jum\u0103tate de milion de familii de \u0163\u0103rani micilor proprietari. Legea din&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1864&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">a reprezentat, ne\u00eendoielnic, un pas extrem de important \u00een existen\u0163a istoric\u0103 a \u0163\u0103r\u0103nimii \u015fi, de altfel, doi ani mai t\u00eerziu, prin articolul&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">20&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">al Constitu\u0163iei din 1866 a fost garantat\u0103 mica proprietate dat\u0103 \u0163\u0103ranilor prin legea rural\u0103. Q alt\u0103 categorie sociala a fost reprezentat\u0103 de muncitorime. Pe ansamblul economiei a avut loc o sim\u0163itoare cre\u015ftere a num\u0103rului lucr\u0103torilor salaria\u0163i. Ei se constatau \u00een agricultur\u0103 \u2014 ca zilieri ori angaja\u0163i \u2014, \u00een industria \u00een curs de dezvoltare. \u00een exploatarea \u015fi \u00eenceputurile prelucr\u0103rii petrolului (\u00een 1874 erau \u00eenregistra\u0163i circa 4000-5000 muncitori \u00een aceast\u0103 ramur\u0103) \u015fi \u00een exploatarea salinelor (1828 \u00een 1873). Pe&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">plan social-economic,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">regimul de munc\u0103 al muncitorilor era deosebit de greu. Dezvoltarea economiei s-a reflectat pe mai multe planuri. Muta\u0163ii importante au putut fi constatate \u00een diferire sectoare economice. Progresul concretizat at\u00eet \u00een cre\u015fterea \u015fi diversificarea produc\u0163iei, c\u00eet \u015fi \u00een amelior\u0103ri calitative ale proceselor de produc\u0163ie a fost \u00eens\u0103 evident. Agricultura reprezenta principala ramur\u0103 a economiei, imensa majoritate a locuitorilor lucr\u00eend \u00een acest domeniu care, de altfel acoperea \u00een 1<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">864&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">circa 9<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">2%&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">din export. Productivitatea r\u0103m\u00eenea sc\u0103zut\u0103, mai ales comparar\u0103 cu cea din \u0163\u0103rile \u00eenaintate ale vremii. Progrese au fost \u00eenregistrare, produc\u0163ia cerealier\u0103 a crcscut, au fost introduse amelior\u0103ri tehnice \u015fi utilizarea ma\u015finilor reflecta un necontenit mers \u00eenainte, dar, totodat\u0103, progresele au avut loc mai ales \u00een privin\u0163a marii propriet\u0103\u0163i, \u00een timp ce mica proprietate a r\u0103mas \u00eenapoiat\u0103 tehnic, ceea ce avea s\u0103 aib\u0103 grave urm\u0103ri sociale \u00een perioada urm\u0103toare. \u00cen condi\u0163iile \u00eenceputului revolu\u0163iei industriale, a introducerii ma\u015finilor, accentul a continuat s\u0103 cad\u0103 asupra micii industrii \u015fi a me\u015fte\u015fugurilor. Ne\u00eendoielnic, cu toate progresele \u00eenregistrate \u00een cursul celui de-al doilea sfert al secolului al XIX-lea, n-au fost create mari unit\u0103\u0163i industriale. \u201eRom\u00e2nia&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u2014&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">ar\u0103ta Obedenaru \u00een&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1876 \u2014&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">n-a avut niciodat\u0103 ceva ce se nume\u015fte marea industrie. Cu toate acestea industria Rom\u00e2niei a cunoscut un evident proces de dezvoltare. Dac\u0103 \u00een&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1866&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">existau&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">39&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">fabrici (unele put\u00eend fi \u00eens\u0103 ateliere mari sau manufacturi), num\u0103rul total al \u201estabilimentelor&#8221; din industria mare, \u00eenfiin\u0163ate \u00eenainte de&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1886,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">\u015fi \u00eenc\u0103 existente \u00een&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1901 -1902,&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">ajunsese la&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">236 (73&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">fiin\u0163\u00eend \u00een&nbsp;<\/span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">1877),&nbsp;<\/span><span style=\"color: black; line-height: 19.5px;\">ceea ce indica o evident\u0103 dezvoltare a industriei ma\u015finiste. Importul de ma\u015fini era \u015fi el edificator \u00een aceast\u0103 privin\u0163\u0103.<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Popula\u0163ia Principatelor a \u00eenregistrat \u00een 1859-1860, c\u00eend s-a efectuat primele recens\u0103minte, st\u00eet la sud, c\u00eet \u015fi la nord de Milcov, un num\u0103r de 4.424.961 de locuitori. \u00cen mediul urban, locuia circa o cincime din popula\u0163ia \u0163\u0103rii, totodat\u0103 unii dintre locuitorii ora\u015felor continuau s\u0103 fie lega\u0163i de activit\u0103\u0163ile agrare. Cu toate acestea a fost evident progresul [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107474"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107474"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/107474\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=107474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/cvnextjob.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=107474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}